Power Tariff and electric bill
Power Tariff and prepare indain electricity bill
Electric utilities driver their income for customer through electricity bills. Different methods of charging costumer are known as tariff. A tariff should full fill the following objectives and requirements .
1. Cost of capital investment in generation transmission and distribution equipment mus be recovered.
2. Cost of operation , supplies maintenance and miscellaneous services must be recovered.
.
3. Cost of metering , Billing collection and miscellaneous services must be ensured
4. A satisfactory not returned on the capital investment must be ensured.
5. It should be simple and eligible to the public
6. It should be uniform, our large population
7. It should provide incentive for using power during off peak hours
8. It should have a provision for higher demand charges for high demanded at system peak hours.
9. It should have a provision of penalty for low power factor
Type of Tariff or India electricity bill
1. Flatt demand rate
2. Straight demand rate
3. Block meter Rate
4. Hopkinson Rate
5. Daugherty Rate
General Form of tariff
A = CX + dy + F
Where , A is Total amount of bill for a certain period
X, maximum demand during the period
y, total energy consumed during the period ( KWh)
C, unit charge for maximum
d, unit cost of energy
F, Constant charges
Thus the total bill consist of three parts depending on maximum power demand second depending on total energy consumed.
1. Flatt demand rate
A = CX
the flate demand rate can be expressed in the form of as shown above which indicate the bill depends only an the maximum demand irrespective of the amount of energy consumed this is the earl yes form of tariff and the bill in those days was based on the total no. of lamps installed in the total premises. Now those days the use of total those type of tariff is restricted (limited) to sign lighting signal system street lighting etc. where the no of hours are fixed and energy consumption van be easily predicted it is very common for supply to irrigation tube well. the charges is made according to the hours power of the motor installed .
2. Straight Demand rate
A = dy
In this type of tariff the charges depend on the energy used . these tariff is some time use for residential and commercial costumer.
It has the advantage of these tariff is that a costumer who does not use the energy zero bill through he has caused the utility to increase a definite expenditure due to its readies-es to serve him another disadvantage is that this-method does not encourage the use of electricity.
3. Block meter Scale
to remove the in consistency of straight meter rate, the block meter rate costmer on a sliding scale is certain unit rate for a certain block of energy and for each suspending block of energy , these corresponding unit charge decrease . According tosee the expression where are unit charges for energy block of magnitude etc .
4. Hopkins on demand Rate
A = CX + dy
This tariff is also known as two part tariff and can be expressed as shown above. This the total bill includes a demand charges based on energy consumed the rector may be constant or may varies as per sliding scale. This tariff is used for industrial costumer. This tariff generate the problems of measuring the max. power demand of the costumer. this maximum demand can be taken either as a contain fraction of the connected load or measured by max. demand meter. it is whole to specify a minimum demand that must be paid for the dis courage the costumer from using low power fector devices the demand charges are base on maximum demand .
5. Daugherty Rate
A = CX + dy + F
This rate is also known as three part tariff extend the two part tariff by this total tariff a suitable for industrial costumer.
so these Above steps follow we can prepare electric bill who match with indain electricity rule.