Vacuum circuit breaker Working Construction and Advantages

In this article we will know about the vaccum circuit breaker working construction and advantages. We will study in detail about working of circuit breaker and their application .

Vacuum circuit breaker Working Construction and Advantages

Now we are going to discuss about the Vaccum circuit breaker working construction and advantages.

Vaccum Circuit Breaker Working Principle

When two current carrying contacts are separated in a vacuum medium, the  arc is drawn between them. The intensely hot spot is created at the instant of contact separation from which metal overshoot off, constituting plasma. The amount of vapors in the plasma is proportional to the rate of vapor emission from the electrodes, hence to the arc current is tends to zero and   amount of plasma tends to zero. Soon after natural current zero, the remaining metal vapor condenses and the dielectric strength builds up rapidly and preshrinking of arc is prevented. So this principle is used in vacuum circuit breaker. 

Vccum circuit breaker Construction

These are Vaccum circuit breaker working construction and advantages.

Arc extinction in vacuum interrupters 

The arc interruption process in vacuum interrupters is different  from that in other types of circuit breakers. The vacuum as such as a dielectric medium and arc cannot persist in ideal vacuum. However, the vacuum as such is an dielectric medium and arc cannot persist in ideal from the contacts giving rise to plasma. Thus, as the contacts separate, the contact spare is filled with vapor of positive ions liberated by the contact material. The vapor density are depends on the current in the arc

Vaccum circuit breaker working construction and advantages
Vaccum circuit breaker working construction and advantages

Advantages of vacuum circuit breaker

1. VCB is self-contained does not need filling have oil or gas. They do not need auxiliary air system; oil handling system etc. does not need of periodic refilling.

2. No emission of gases or other pollution, pollution free.

3. Modest maintenance of the breaker, no maintenance of interrupters. Hence economical over long period.

4. Breaker forms a unit which can be installed at any required orientation. Its unit is compact and self-contained.

5. Non explosive

6. Its Silent operation

7. Large number of operations on load or short circuit. Suitable for repeated operating duty. Long life

8. Suitable for capacitor switching, cable switching, industrial load switching.

9. Constant dielectric. 

There are no gas decomposition products in vacuum and the hermetically sealed vacuum interrupter keeps out all environmental effects.

10. Constant contact resistance

In vacuum the contacts cannot oxidize a react which ensures that their very small resistance is maintained throughout their life.

 

11. High total current switched. 

Since contact piece erosion is small, rated normal current can be interrupted up to 30,000 times and rated short-circuit breaking current on average a hundred times. These are vaccum circuit breaker working construction and advantages.

Disadvantage of vacuum circuit breaker

• The vacuum interrupter is more expensive than the interrupting devices in other types of circuit breakers and its cost is affected by production volume. It is uneconomical to manufacture vacuum interrupters in small quantities.

• Rated voltage of single interrupter is limited to about 20KV . above 36KV  two interrupters are required to be connected in series.

• Vacuum interrupters require high technology for production.

• In the event of loss of vacuum due to transit damage or failure, the entire interrupter is rendered useless. It cannot be repaired at site

• For interruption of low magnetizing currents in certain range, additional surge suppressors are required in parallel with each phase of a
VCB.

Hence it is the Vaccum circuit breaker working construction and advantages. We have also studied about the disadvantages of vaccum circuit breaker. If you will find any incorrect in above article please comment below in comment box.

For knowing more about the vaccum circuit breaker working you must watch this video.

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